culture, etiquette & politeness
Culture, Etiquette & Politeness
Core Vocabulary
Study the key terms, pronunciations, and Amharic translation contexts.
Respect
/ሪስፔክት/
አክብሮት
Regard for feelings and rights.
ለሌሎች ስሜት እና መብት የሚሰጥ ግምት።
Examples
"Always show respect to elders."
Etiquette
/ኤቲኬት/
ስነ-ስርዓት
Code of polite behavior.
መልካም ጠባይ የሚታይበት ደንብ።
Examples
"Dining etiquette is important."
Polite
/ፖላይት/
ትህትና
Having good manners.
መልካም ስነ-ምግባር ያለው።
Examples
"She is very polite."
Culture
/ካልቸር/
ባህል
Social behavior and norms.
የማህበረሰብ ባህሪ እና እሴቶች።
Examples
"Each culture is unique."
Manners
/ማነርስ/
መልካም ጠባይ
Ways of behaving socially.
በማህበራዊ ግንኙነት ውስጥ የሚታይ ጠባይ።
Examples
"Table manners matter."
Tradition
/ትራዲሽን/
ወግ
Customs passed down generations.
ከትውልድ ትውልድ የሚተላለፍ ልማድ።
Examples
"Coffee ceremony is a tradition."
Values
/ቫልዩስ/
እሴቶች
Principles or standards.
መመሪያዎች ወይም መለኪያዎች።
Examples
"Honesty is one of our values."
Custom
/ካስተም/
ልማድ
Traditional way of doing something.
አንድን ነገር የማድረጊያ የተለመደ መንገድ።
Examples
"It is a custom to shake hands."
Gesture
/ጄስቸር/
የእጅ ምልክት
Movement to express an idea.
ሀሳብን ለመግለጽ የሚደረግ እንቅስቃሴ።
Examples
"A wave is a friendly gesture."
Bow
/ቦው/
መጎንበስ
Bend the head as a greeting.
ለሰላምታ ራስን ዝቅ ማድረግ።
Examples
"They bow in respect."
Handshake
/ሀንድሼክ/
እጅ መጨባበጥ
Grasping hands in greeting.
ለሰላምታ እጅን መያዝ።
Examples
"A firm handshake is good."
Eye-contact
/አይ-ኮንታክት/
የአይን ግንኙነት
Looking into someone's eyes.
የአንድን ሰው አይን ማየት።
Examples
"Keep eye-contact while speaking."
Punctuality
/ፓንክቿሊቲ/
ሰዓት ማክበር
Being on time.
በተቀጠረበት ሰዓት መገኘት።
Examples
"Punctuality is expected."
Formality
/ፎርማሊቲ/
ፎርማሊቲ/ደንብ
Strict adherence to rules.
ደንቦችን በጥብቅ መከተል።
Examples
"The meeting had high formality."
Informal
/ኢንፎርማል/
መደበኛ ያልሆነ
Relaxed and unofficial.
ዘና ያለ እና መደበኛ ያልሆነ።
Examples
"It was an informal gathering."
Greeting
/ግሪቲንግ/
ሰላምታ
Act of giving a sign of welcome.
የእንኳን ደህና መጡ ምልክት የመስጠት ተግባር።
Examples
"A warm greeting makes a difference."
Introduction
/ኢንትሮዳክሽን/
መተዋወቅ
Formal presentation of someone.
አንድን ሰው በይፋ ማስተዋወቅ።
Examples
"May I make an introduction?"
Title
/ታይትል/
ማዕረግ
Prefix to a person's name.
ከስም በፊት የሚቀመጥ ስያሜ።
Examples
"Doctor is a formal title."
Honorific
/ኦኖሪፊክ/
የክብር ስም
Title showing respect.
አክብሮትን የሚያሳይ ማዕረግ።
Examples
"Use an honorific for elders."
Protocol
/ፕሮቶኮል/
ፕሮቶኮል
Official procedure or rules.
ይፋዊ የአሰራር ሂደት ወይም ደንቦች።
Examples
"Follow the diplomatic protocol."
Social
/ሶሻል/
ማህበራዊ
Relating to society.
ከማህበረሰብ ጋር የተገናኘ።
Examples
"Humans are social beings."
Norm
/ኖርም/
ደንብ
Something standard or typical.
ደረጃውን የጠበቀ ወይም የተለመደ ነገር።
Examples
"It is the norm here."
Behavior
/ቢሄቪየር/
ጠባይ
The way one acts.
አንድ ሰው የሚንቀሳቀስበት መንገድ።
Examples
"Good behavior is rewarded."
Civility
/ሲቪሊቲ/
ስርአት
Politeness and courtesy.
ትህትና እና ጨዋነት።
Examples
"Public civility is necessary."
Courtesy
/ከርትሲ/
ጨዋነት
Showing politeness.
ትህትናን ማሳየት።
Examples
"Common courtesy is expected."
Considerate
/ኮንሲደሬት/
አሳቢ
Thinking of others.
ለሌሎች የሚያስብ።
Examples
"Be considerate of neighbors."
Gracious
/ግሬሸስ/
ቸር
Kind and pleasant.
ደግ እና ደስ የሚል።
Examples
"He was a gracious host."
Humble
/ሀምብል/
ትሁት
Not proud or arrogant.
ኩሩ ወይም ትዕቢተኛ ያልሆነ።
Examples
"Stay humble despite success."
Modest
/ሞደስት/
ትሁት/መጠነኛ
Unassuming in behavior.
በትምክህት የማይመካ።
Examples
"She is modest about her talent."
Apology
/አፖሎጂ/
ይቅርታ
Expression of regret.
የጸጸት መግለጫ።
Examples
"An apology can fix a mistake."
Pardon
/ፓርደን/
ይቅርታ
Forgive or excuse.
ይቅር ማለት ወይም ማለፍ።
Examples
"I beg your pardon?"
Excuse
/ኤክስክዩዝ/
ይቅርታ ጠያቂ
Request for forgiveness.
ይቅርታ ለመጠየቅ የሚያገለግል።
Examples
"Excuse me, please."
Thanks
/ታንክስ/
ምስጋና
Expression of gratitude.
የምስጋና መግለጫ።
Examples
"Many thanks for your help."
Gratitude
/ግራቲቲዩድ/
ምስጋና
Being thankful.
አመስጋኝ መሆን።
Examples
"Show gratitude every day."
Appreciation
/አፕሪሼሽን/
አድናቆት
Recognition of value.
የአንድን ነገር ዋጋ ማወቅ።
Examples
"Thank you for your appreciation."
Gift
/ጊፍት/
ስጦታ
Something given voluntarily.
በፈቃደኝነት የሚሰጥ ነገር።
Examples
"Bringing a gift is kind."
Tipping
/ቲፒንግ/
ጉርሻ መስጠት
Giving extra money for service.
ለአገልግሎት ተጨማሪ ገንዘብ መስጠት።
Examples
"Tipping is common in cafes."
Dining
/ዳይኒንግ/
ምግብ መመገብ
Eating a meal.
ምግብ የመመገብ ሂደት።
Examples
"The dining hall is large."
Cutlery
/ካትለሪ/
የመመገቢያ ቢላዋና ሹካ
Knives, forks, and spoons.
ቢላዋ፣ ሹካ እና ማንኪያ።
Examples
"Set the cutlery correctly."
Napkin
/ናፕኪን/
ናፕኪን
Cloth used at meals.
ለእጅ መታበሻ የሚውል ጨርቅ።
Examples
"Put the napkin on your lap."
Toast
/ቶስት/
መርቆ መታሰቢያ
Raising a glass in honor.
ለክብር ብርጭቆን ማንሳት።
Examples
"Let's propose a toast."
Host
/ሆስት/
አስተናጋጅ/ጋባዥ
Person who receives guests.
እንግዶችን የሚቀበል ሰው።
Examples
"The host welcomed us."
Guest
/ጌስት/
እንግዳ
Person invited to a place.
ወደ አንድ ቦታ የተጋበዘ ሰው።
Examples
"We have a special guest."
Invitation
/ኢንቪቴሽን/
ግብዣ
Request to attend an event.
በአንድ ዝግጅት ላይ እንዲገኙ የሚደረግ ጥሪ።
Examples
"Did you get the invitation?"
RSVP
/አር.ኤስ.ቪ.ፒ/
ምላሽ ይስጡ
Respond to an invitation.
ለጥሪው ምላሽ ይስጡ።
Examples
"Please RSVP by Friday."
Dress-code
/ድሬስ-ኮድ/
የአለባበስ ደንብ
Rules about what to wear.
ምን መልበስ እንዳለብዎ የሚገልጽ ደንብ።
Examples
"The dress-code is formal."
Punctual
/ፓንክቿል/
ሰዓት አክባሪ
Doing something at the right time.
በሰዓቱ መገኘት።
Examples
"Please be punctual."
Late
/ሌት/
ዘግይቶ
After the expected time.
ከተባለው ሰዓት በኋላ።
Examples
"Don't be late for dinner."
Early
/ኤርሊ/
ቀድሞ
Before the expected time.
ከተባለው ሰዓት በፊት።
Examples
"Arriving early is better."
Queue
/ኪው/
ሰልፍ
Line of people waiting.
ተራ የሚጠብቁ ሰዎች ተርታ።
Examples
"Wait in the queue."
Privacy
/ፕራይቨሲ/
ግላዊነት
State of being alone.
የብቸኝነት ወይም የራስነት ሁኔታ።
Examples
"Respect my privacy."
Personal-space
/ፐርሰናል-ስፔስ/
የግል ክልል
Space around a person.
በአንድ ሰው ዙሪያ ያለ የግል ቦታ።
Examples
"Give people personal-space."
Touch
/ታች/
መንካት
Come into contact with.
ግንኙነት መፍጠር።
Examples
"Avoid unnecessary touch."
Silence
/ሳይለንስ/
ዝምታ
Complete absence of sound.
ምንም ድምፅ አለመኖር።
Examples
"Silence is required in libraries."
Listening
/ሊስኒንግ/
ማዳመጥ
Giving attention to sound.
ለድምፅ ትኩረት መስጠት።
Examples
"Active listening is a skill."
Interruption
/ኢንተረፕሽን/
ጣልቃ መግባት
Stopping someone speaking.
የሚያወራን ሰው ማቋረጥ።
Examples
"Avoid interruption."
Volume
/ቮልዩም/
ድምፅ
Amount of sound.
የድምፅ መጠን።
Examples
"Keep the volume low."
Direct
/ዳይሬክት/
ቀጥተኛ
Straightforward.
ግልጽ እና ቀጥተኛ።
Examples
"Some cultures are direct."
Indirect
/ኢንዳይሬክት/
ቀጥተኛ ያልሆነ
Not straightforward.
ወደ ዙሪያ ጥምዝ የሚሄድ።
Examples
"Indirect speech can be polite."
Body-language
/ቦዲ-ላንግዌጅ/
የአካል ቋንቋ
Non-verbal communication.
ንግግር አልባ ተግባቦት።
Examples
"Watch your body-language."
Facial-expression
/ፌሻል-ኤክስፕሬሽን/
የፊት ገጽታ
Look on one's face.
በፊት ላይ የሚታይ ስሜት።
Examples
"A smile is a good facial-expression."
Smile
/ስማይል/
ፈገግታ
A pleased facial expression.
ደስታን የሚያሳይ የፊት ገጽታ።
Examples
"Always smile when greeting."
Nod
/ኖድ/
ራስን መነቅነቅ
Lowering head in agreement.
ለመስማማት ራስን ዝቅ ማድረግ።
Examples
"Just nod if you agree."
Disagreement
/ዲስአግሪመንት/
አለመስማማት
Lack of consensus.
በአንድ ሀሳብ ላይ አለመስማማት።
Examples
"Handle disagreement politely."
Argument
/አርጊውመንት/
ክርክር
Exchange of diverging views.
የተለያዩ አመለካከቶች ልውውጥ።
Examples
"Avoid a loud argument."
Conflict
/ኮንፍሊክት/
ግጭት
Serious disagreement.
ከባድ አለመግባባት።
Examples
"Resolve the conflict calmly."
Resolution
/ሬዞሉሽን/
መፍትሄ
Solving a problem.
ችግርን መፍታት።
Examples
"We seek a peaceful resolution."
Peace
/ፒስ/
ሰላም
Freedom from disturbance.
ከረብሻ ነፃ መሆን።
Examples
"Peace is vital."
Harmony
/ሀርመኒ/
ስምምነት
Agreement or concord.
መረጋጋት እና ስምምነት።
Examples
"Live in harmony."
Community
/ኮሚውኒቲ/
ማህበረሰብ
Group of people living together.
አብሮ የሚኖር የሰዎች ስብስብ።
Examples
"Support your community."
Belonging
/ቢሎንግንግ/
ተሳታፊነት/የአባልነት ስሜት
Affinity for a place or situation.
የአንድ ቦታ ወይም ሁኔታ አካል የመሆን ስሜት።
Examples
"A sense of belonging."
Heritage
/ሄሪቴጅ/
ቅርስ
Valued objects and qualities.
ውድ የሆኑ ነገሮች እና ጥራቶች።
Examples
"Protect our cultural heritage."
Ancestry
/አንሰስትሪ/
የዘር ሀረግ
One's family or ethnic descent.
የአንድ ሰው የቤተሰብ ወይም የጎሳ አመጣጥ።
Examples
"He studied his ancestry."
Generation
/ጄነሬሽን/
ትውልድ
People born at the same time.
በተመሳሳይ ጊዜ የተወለዱ ሰዎች።
Examples
"The younger generation."
Youth
/ዩዝ/
ወጣትነት
Period between childhood and adult.
በልጅነት እና በአዋቂነት መካከል ያለ ጊዜ።
Examples
"Youth are the future."
Elders
/ኤልደርስ/
ሽማግሌዎች
Older people.
በእድሜ የገፉ ሰዎች።
Examples
"Listen to your elders."
Wisdom
/ዊዝደም/
ጥበብ
Experience and knowledge.
ተሞክሮ እና እውቀት።
Examples
"Elders share their wisdom."
Advice
/አድቫይስ/
ምክር
Guidance or recommendations.
መመሪያ ወይም ምክረ ሀሳብ።
Examples
"Ask for advice."
Respectful
/ሪስፔክትፉል/
አክባሪ
Feeling or showing deference.
አክብሮት ማሳየት።
Examples
"Be respectful to all."
Disrespectful
/ዲስሪስፔክትፉል/
ያልተከበረ/አክብሮት የሌለው
Showing a lack of respect.
አክብሮት አለማሳየት።
Examples
"Rude behavior is disrespectful."
Rude
/ሩድ/
ባለጌ
Offensively impolite.
በጣም ያለአግባብ የሆነ ጠባይ።
Examples
"It is rude to point."
Impolite
/ኢምፖላይት/
ትህትና የሌለው
Not polite.
ትህትና የጎደለው።
Examples
"That was an impolite remark."
Crude
/ክሩድ/
ሸካራ/ያልተገራ
Offensive or unrefined.
አስከፊ ወይም ያልተጣራ።
Examples
"Avoid crude jokes."
Offensive
/ኦፌንሲቭ/
አስቆጪ
Causing resentment or anger.
ቁጣን ወይም ቅሬታን የሚፈጥር።
Examples
"That word is offensive."
Sensitive
/ሴንሲቲቭ/
ስሜታዊ/ጥንቃቄ የሚፈልግ
Easily offended or affected.
በቀላሉ የሚጎዳ ወይም የሚነካ።
Examples
"Be sensitive to cultural needs."
Taboo
/ታቡ/
እርም/ነውር
Prohibited by social custom.
በማህበራዊ ልማድ የተከለከለ።
Examples
"Some topics are taboo."
Sacred
/ሴክሬድ/
ቅዱስ
Connected with God or religion.
ከአምላክ ወይም ከሃይማኖት ጋር የተገናኘ።
Examples
"This is a sacred place."
Profane
/ፕሮፌን/
ርኩስ/ኢ-ሃይማኖታዊ
Not sacred or biblical.
ቅዱስ ያልሆነ።
Examples
"Avoid profane language."
Belief
/ቢሊፍ/
እምነት
Acceptance that something is true.
አንድ ነገር እውነት መሆኑን መቀበል።
Examples
"Respect every belief."
Religion
/ሪሊጅን/
ሃይማኖት
Belief in a superhuman power.
በበላይ ኃይል ማመን።
Examples
"Religion is personal."
Faith
/ፌይዝ/
እምነት
Strong belief in God.
በአምላክ ላይ ያለ ጥኑ እምነት።
Examples
"His faith is strong."
Secular
/ሴኩላር/
ለአለማዊ
Not spiritual or religious.
ሃይማኖታዊ ያልሆነ።
Examples
"It is a secular school."
Global
/ግሎባል/
አለምአቀፍ
Relating to the whole world.
ከመላው ዓለም ጋር የተያያዘ።
Examples
"Global etiquette varies."
Local
/ሎካል/
አካባቢያዊ
Relating to a particular area.
ከአንድ የተወሰነ አካባቢ ጋር የተገናኘ።
Examples
"Learn local customs."
Diverse
/ዳይቨርስ/
የተለያዩ
Showing a great deal of variety.
ብዙ ዓይነት ዝርያዎችን ማሳየት።
Examples
"A diverse community."
Inclusion
/ኢንክሉዥን/
ማካተት
Being included within a group.
በአንድ ቡድን ውስጥ መካተት።
Examples
"Promote social inclusion."
Tolerance
/ቶለራንስ/
ትዕግስት/መቻቻል
Ability to endure opinions.
የሌሎችን ሀሳብ የመታገስ ችሎታ።
Examples
"Religious tolerance is key."
Acceptance
/አክሴፕታንስ/
ተቀባይነት
Willingness to tolerate.
ለመቀበል ፈቃደኛ መሆን።
Examples
"Acceptance of others is good."
Empathy
/ኤምፓቲ/
ርህራሄ
Understanding others' feelings.
የሌሎችን ስሜት መረዳት።
Examples
"Show empathy to friends."
Compassion
/ኮምፓሽን/
ርህራሄ/አዘኔታ
Concern for sufferings.
ለሌሎች ስቃይ መጨነቅ።
Examples
"Treat all with compassion."
Kindness
/ካይንነስ/
ደግነት
Being friendly and generous.
ተስማሚ እና ለጋስ መሆን።
Examples
"Random acts of kindness."
Generosity
/ጄነሮሲቲ/
ልግስና
Being kind and giving.
ቸር እና ሰጪ መሆን።
Examples
"Her generosity is famous."
Sharing
/ሼሪንግ/
ማካፈል
Give a portion of something.
ከአንድ ነገር ላይ ከፍሎ መስጠት።
Examples
"Sharing is caring."
Hospitality
/ሆስፒታሊቲ/
እንግዳ ተቀባይነት
Friendly reception of guests.
እንግዶችን በጥሩ ሁኔታ መቀበል።
Examples
"Ethiopian hospitality is great."
Welcome
/ዌልከም/
እንኳን ደህና መጣችሁ
Greeting someone gladly.
አንድን ሰው በደስታ መቀበል።
Examples
"Welcome to our home."
Farewell
/ፌርዌል/
ደህና ሁኑ
Used to express good wishes on parting.
ሲለያዩ መልካም ምኞትን መግለጫ።
Examples
"A final farewell."
Goodbye
/ጉድባይ/
ደህና ሁን
Used when leaving someone.
ከአንድ ሰው ሲለዩ የሚባል ቃል።
Examples
"Say goodbye to them."
Departure
/ዲፓርቸር/
መነሳት/ጉዞ
The action of leaving.
የመሄድ ተግባር።
Examples
"Check departure times."
Arrival
/አራይቫል/
መምጣት/መድረስ
The action of arriving.
የመድረስ ተግባር።
Examples
"Wait for their arrival."
Travel
/ትራቭል/
ጉዞ
Going to different places.
ወደ ተለያዩ ቦታዎች መሄድ።
Examples
"Travel broadens the mind."
Tourism
/ቱሪዝም/
ቱሪዝም
Organization of holidays.
የእረፍት ጊዜ ዝግጅት ስራ።
Examples
"Tourism helps the economy."
Passport
/ፓስፖርት/
ፓስፖርት
Official travel document.
ይፋዊ የጉዞ ሰነድ።
Examples
"Don't forget your passport."
Visa
/ቪዛ/
ቪዛ
Endorsement on a passport.
በፓስፖርት ላይ የሚደረግ ፈቃድ።
Examples
"I need a visa for travel."
Border
/ቦርደር/
ድንበር
Line separating countries.
ሀገራትን የሚለይ መስመር።
Examples
"Cross the border safely."
Law
/ሎው/
ህግ
System of rules.
የደንቦች ስርዓት።
Examples
"Obey the local law."
Rule
/ሩል/
ደንብ
Statement of what is allowed.
የሚፈቀደውን ነገር የሚገልጽ።
Examples
"Follow the safety rule."
Policy
/ፖሊሲ/
ፖሊሲ
Course of action adopted.
የተቀረጸ የድርጊት አቅጣጫ።
Examples
"Check the refund policy."
Authority
/አውቶሪቲ/
ስልጣን
Power to give orders.
ትዕዛዝ የመስጠት ኃይል።
Examples
"Respect the authority."
Power
/ፓወር/
ኃይል
Ability to do something.
አንድን ነገር የማድረግ ችሎታ።
Examples
"Knowledge is power."
Equality
/ኢኳሊቲ/
እኩልነት
Being equal in status.
በደረጃ እኩል መሆን።
Examples
"Fight for equality."
Justice
/ጃስቲስ/
ፍትህ
Fair behavior or treatment.
ፍትሃዊ አያያዝ።
Examples
"Justice for everyone."
Fairness
/ፌርነስ/
ተገቢነት
Impartial treatment.
ያለአድልዎ ማስተናገድ።
Examples
"Fairness in competition."
Honesty
/ኦነስቲ/
ታማኝነት
Quality of being honest.
እውነተኛ የመሆን ጠባይ።
Examples
"Honesty is the best policy."
Trust
/ትረስት/
እምነት
Firm belief in reliability.
በአንድ ነገር ላይ ያለ ጥልቅ እምነት።
Examples
"Trust takes time to build."
Loyalty
/ሎያልቲ/
ታማኝነት
Strong feeling of support.
የድጋፍ እና የታማኝነት ስሜት።
Examples
"Loyalty to your family."
Integrity
/ኢንቴግሪቲ/
ቅንነት
Quality of being honest.
እውነተኛ እና ቀጥተኛ የመሆን ጠባይ።
Examples
"A person of integrity."
Ethics
/ኤቲክስ/
ስነ-ምግባር
Moral principles.
የሞራል መርሆዎች።
Examples
"Work ethics are important."
Morals
/ሞራልስ/
ስነ-ምግባር
Lesson concerning right or wrong.
ስለ ትክክል እና ስህተት የሚሰጥ ትምህርት።
Examples
"Follow your morals."
Character
/ካራክተር/
ጠባይ/ባህሪ
Mental and moral qualities.
አእምሯዊ እና ሞራላዊ ባህሪያት።
Examples
"He has a strong character."
Reputation
/ሬፑቴሽን/
ዝና/ስም
Opinions held about someone.
ስለ አንድ ሰው የሚሰጥ አስተያየት።
Examples
"Protect your reputation."
Fame
/ፌይም/
ዝና
Being known by many.
በብዙዎች ዘንድ መታወቅ።
Examples
"Fame can be difficult."
Honor
/ኦነር/
ክብር
High respect.
ከፍተኛ አክብሮት።
Examples
"It is an honor to meet you."
Shame
/ሼይም/
ሀፍረት
Feeling of humiliation.
የውርደት ወይም የሀፍረት ስሜት።
Examples
"What a shame!"
Guilt
/ጊልት/
ጥፋተኝነት
Feeling of having done wrong.
ስህተት የመስራት ስሜት።
Examples
"He felt great guilt."
Pride
/ፕራይድ/
ኩራት
Feeling of deep pleasure.
የጥልቅ ደስታ ስሜት።
Examples
"Take pride in your work."
Confidence
/ኮንፊደንስ/
መተማመን
Feeling of self-assurance.
በራስ የመተማመን ስሜት።
Examples
"Speak with confidence."
Assertive
/አሰርቲቭ/
ቆራጥ/ገላጭ
Having a confident personality.
በራስ መተማመን ያለው ባህሪ።
Examples
"Be assertive but polite."
Aggressive
/አግሬሲቭ/
ጠበኛ
Ready to attack or confront.
ለመጋጨት ዝግጁ የሆነ።
Examples
"Don't be aggressive."
Passive
/ፓሲቭ/
ተገዢ/ዝምተኛ
Accepting what happens.
የሚሆነውን ዝም ብሎ መቀበል።
Examples
"Don't be too passive."
Communication
/ኮሚውኒኬሽን/
ተግባቦት
Exchanging information.
መረጃን መለዋወጥ።
Examples
"Effective communication is vital."
Language
/ላንግዌጅ/
ቋንቋ
Method of human communication.
የሰዎች መግባቢያ ዘዴ።
Examples
"Learn a new language."
Dialect
/ዳያሌክት/
የቋንቋ ዘይቤ
Form of a language.
የአንድ ቋንቋ ንዑስ ክፍል።
Examples
"A regional dialect."
Slang
/ስላንግ/
የጎዳና ቋንቋ
Very informal words.
በጣም መደበኛ ያልሆኑ ቃላት።
Examples
"Don't use slang in meetings."
Jargon
/ጃርገን/
የሙያ ቋንቋ
Special words for a job.
ለአንድ ሙያ ብቻ የሚያገለግሉ ቃላት።
Examples
"Medical jargon is hard."
Context
/ኮንቴክስት/
አውድ
Circumstances forming an event.
ለአንድ ክስተት መነሻ የሆኑ ሁኔታዎች።
Examples
"Consider the context."
High-context
/ሀይ-ኮንቴክስት/
ጥልቅ አውድ
Reliance on non-verbal cues.
በንግግር ባልሆኑ ምልክቶች ላይ መተማመን።
Examples
"It is a high-context culture."
Low-context
/ሎው-ኮንቴክስት/
ቀላል አውድ
Reliance on explicit words.
በግልጽ ቃላት ላይ መተማመን።
Examples
"Low-context cultures are direct."
Individualism
/ኢንዲቪጅዋሊዝም/
ግለኝነት
Priority to the individual.
ለግለሰብ ቅድሚያ መስጠት።
Examples
"Individualism is common in the West."
Collectivism
/ኮሌክቲቪዝም/
ህብረተሰባዊነት
Priority to the group.
ለቡድን ቅድሚያ መስጠት።
Examples
"Collectivism values family."
Time-management
/ታይም-ማኔጅመንት/
የጊዜ አጠቃቀም
Organizing time effectively.
ጊዜን በአግባቡ ማደራጀት።
Examples
"Good time-management helps."
Deadline
/ዴድላይን/
የጊዜ ገደብ
Latest time to finish.
ስራን ለመጨረስ የመጨረሻው ሰዓት።
Examples
"Meet the deadline."
Appointment
/አፖይንትመንት/
ቀጠሮ
Arrangement to meet.
ለመገናኘት የሚደረግ ስምምነት።
Examples
"I have an appointment."
Schedule
/ስኬጁል/
መርሐ-ግብር
Plan for events.
ለክስተቶች የሚወጣ እቅድ።
Examples
"Check your schedule."
Meeting
/ሚቲንግ/
ስብሰባ
Coming together of people.
ሰዎች ለውይይት መሰብሰብ።
Examples
"Start the meeting."
Agenda
/አጀንዳ/
አጀንዳ
List of items to discuss.
የሚወያዩባቸው ነጥቦች ዝርዝር።
Examples
"What is on the agenda?"
Chairperson
/ቼርፐርሰን/
ሰብሳቢ
Leader of a meeting.
የስብሰባ መሪ።
Examples
"Address the chairperson."
Secretary
/ሴክሬተሪ/
ጸሐፊ
Official who keeps records.
መዝገብ የሚይዝ ባለሙያ።
Examples
"The secretary took notes."
Minute
/ሚኒት/
ቃለ-ጉባኤ
Official record of a meeting.
የስብሰባ ይፋዊ መዝገብ።
Examples
"Read the meeting minutes."
Handout
/ሀንዳውት/
ጽሁፍ
Document given to people.
ለሰዎች የሚታደል ሰነድ።
Examples
"Give out the handout."
Presentation
/ፕረዘንቴሽን/
ማቅረቢያ
Giving information to others.
መረጃን ለሌሎች ማቅረብ።
Examples
"Great presentation!"
Speech
/ስፒች/
ንግግር
Formal address to an audience.
ለታዳሚ የሚደረግ ንግግር።
Examples
"He gave a long speech."
Debate
/ዲቤት/
ክርክር
Formal discussion of a topic.
በአንድ ርዕስ ላይ የሚደረግ ክርክር።
Examples
"A healthy debate."
Discussion
/ዲስካሽን/
ውይይት
Talking about something.
ስለ አንድ ነገር መነጋገር።
Examples
"Join the discussion."
Opinion
/ኦፒኒየን/
አስተያየት
View or judgment.
አመለካከት ወይም ፍርድ።
Examples
"In my opinion."
Perspective
/ፐርስፔክቲቭ/
አመለካከት
Point of view.
የማያ መንገድ።
Examples
"From my perspective."
Viewpoint
/ቪውፖይንት/
አመለካከት
A particular attitude.
አንድ የተወሰነ አመለካከት።
Examples
"Different viewpoints exist."
Bias
/ባያዝ/
አድልዎ
Prejudice for or against.
አድልዎ ማድረግ።
Examples
"Avoid personal bias."
Prejudice
/ፕሪጁዲስ/
ቅድመ-ፍርድ
Preconceived opinion.
ቀደም ብሎ የተያዘ የተሳሳተ አመለካከት።
Examples
"Prejudice is harmful."
Stereotype
/ስቴሪዮታይፕ/
የተሳሳተ ምስል
Generalization about a group.
ስለ አንድ ቡድን የሚሰጥ የተሳሳተ አጠቃላይ ድምዳሜ።
Examples
"Don't follow the stereotype."
Generalization
/ጄነራላይዜሽን/
አጠቃላይ ድምዳሜ
General statement.
አጠቃላይ መግለጫ መስጠት።
Examples
"That is a broad generalization."
Nuance
/ኒውዋንስ/
ጥቃቅን ልዩነት
Subtle difference.
ጥቃቅን እና ረቂቅ ልዩነት።
Examples
"Language has nuance."
Detail
/ዲቴይል/
ዝርዝር
Individual feature.
ነጠላ ባህሪ ወይም ዝርዝር።
Examples
"Explain in detail."
Specific
/ስፔሲፊክ/
የተወሰነ/ግልጽ
Clearly defined.
በግልጽ የተቀመጠ።
Examples
"Be specific about it."
General
/ጄነራል/
አጠቃላይ
Affecting most people.
አብዛኛውን የሚነካ።
Examples
"General rules apply."
Global-village
/ግሎባል-ቪሌጅ/
አለም አቀፍ መንደር
The world as integrated.
ዓለም እንደ አንድ መንደር የምትታይበት ሁኔታ።
Examples
"We live in a global-village."
Internet
/ኢንተርኔት/
ኢንተርኔት
Global computer network.
ዓለም አቀፍ የኮምፒውተር መረብ።
Examples
"The internet connects us."
Digital-etiquette
/ዲጂታል-ኤቲኬት/
የዲጂታል ስነ-ስርዓት
Proper behavior online.
በኢንተርኔት ላይ የሚታይ መልካም ጠባይ።
Examples
"Practice digital-etiquette."
Netiquette
/ኔቲኬት/
የኢንተርኔት ስነ-ስርዓት
Etiquette on the internet.
የኢንተርኔት አጠቃቀም ስነ-ስርዓት።
Examples
"Follow the netiquette."
/ኢሜይል/
ኢሜይል
Electronic mail.
የኤሌክትሮኒክ መልዕክት።
Examples
"Send a formal email."
Texting
/ቴክስቲንግ/
መልዕክት መላክ
Sending short messages.
አጫጭር መልዕክቶችን መላክ።
Examples
"Avoid texting during meals."
Call
/ኮል/
መደወል
Phone conversation.
በስልክ ማውራት።
Examples
"Make a call later."
Voicemail
/ቮይስሜይል/
የድምፅ መልዕክት
Recorded phone message.
የተቀዳ የስልክ መልዕክት።
Examples
"Leave a voicemail."
Privacy-settings
/ፕራይቨሲ-ሴቲንግስ/
የግላዊነት ቅንጅቶች
Controls for online privacy.
የኢንተርኔት ግላዊነት መቆጣጠሪያዎች።
Examples
"Update your privacy-settings."
Posting
/ፖስቲንግ/
መለጠፍ/ማጋራት
Sharing online.
በኢንተርኔት ላይ ማጋራት።
Examples
"Posting private photos."
Sharing
/ሼሪንግ/
ማጋራት
Allowing others to see.
ሌሎች እንዲያዩ መፍቀድ።
Examples
"Sharing news online."
Liking
/ላይኪንግ/
መውደድ
Approving a post.
አንድን ልጥፍ ማድነቅ።
Examples
"Thank you for liking."
Commenting
/ኮመንቲንግ/
አስተያየት መስጠት
Writing a reaction.
ምላሽን መጻፍ።
Examples
"Keep commenting polite."
Trolling
/ትሮሊንግ/
ረብሻ መፍጠር
Annoying people online.
ሰዎችን በኢንተርኔት ላይ መረበሽ።
Examples
"Trolling is impolite."
Cyberbullying
/ሳይበርቡሊንግ/
የኢንተርኔት ትንኮሳ
Harassment online.
በኢንተርኔት አማካኝነት የሚደረግ ትንኮሳ።
Examples
"Stop cyberbullying."
Safety
/ሴፍቲ/
ደህንነት
Condition of being safe.
ከአደጋ ነፃ የመሆን ሁኔታ።
Examples
"Online safety is key."
Risk
/ሪስክ/
አደጋ
Possibility of harm.
የጉዳት አጋጣሚ።
Examples
"Take a calculated risk."
Opportunity
/ኦፖርቹኒቲ/
እድል
A set of circumstances.
የሁኔታዎች ምቹነት።
Examples
"Cultural exchange is an opportunity."
Challenge
/ቻሌንጅ/
ፈተና
A difficult task.
አስቸጋሪ ተግባር።
Examples
"Face the challenge."
Solution
/ሶሉሽን/
መፍትሄ
Answer to a problem.
ለችግር የሚሰጥ ምላሽ።
Examples
"Find a solution."
Change
/ቼንጅ/
ለውጥ
Becoming different.
ልዩ መሆን/መቀየር።
Examples
"Change is constant."
Progress
/ፕሮግረስ/
እድገት
Forward movement.
ወደፊት መራመድ።
Examples
"Continuous progress."
Evolution
/ኤቮሉሽን/
ዝግመተ ለውጥ
Gradual development.
ቀስ በቀስ የሚመጣ እድገት።
Examples
"Evolution of culture."
History
/ሂስትሪ/
ታሪክ
The past.
ያለፈው ጊዜ።
Examples
"Learn from history."
Future
/ፊውቸር/
መጪው ጊዜ
Time yet to come.
ገና የሚመጣ ጊዜ።
Examples
"The future is bright."
Present
/ፕረዘንት/
አሁን
Existing now.
በአሁኑ ሰዓት ያለ።
Examples
"Live in the present."
Moment
/ሞመንት/
ቅጽበት
Short period of time.
አጭር ጊዜ።
Examples
"Enjoy the moment."
Mindfulness
/ማይንድፉልነስ/
ንቃት
Being conscious or aware.
ንቁ ወይም ጠንቃቃ መሆን።
Examples
"Practice mindfulness."
Focus
/ፎከስ/
ትኩረት
Center of interest.
የፍላጎት ማዕከል።
Examples
"Stay in focus."
Attention
/አቴንሽን/
ትኩረት
Notice taken of someone.
ለአንድ ሰው የሚሰጥ ጥንቃቄ።
Examples
"Pay attention."
Awareness
/አዌርነስ/
ግንዛቤ
Knowledge of a situation.
ስለ አንድ ሁኔታ ያለ እውቀት።
Examples
"Cultural awareness is needed."
Diversity
/ዳይቨርሲቲ/
ልዩነት/ብዝሃነት
State of being diverse.
የብዝሃነት ሁኔታ።
Examples
"Celebrate diversity."
Equality
/ኢኳሊቲ/
እኩልነት
Being equal.
እኩል መሆን።
Examples
"Promote equality."
Freedom
/ፍሪደም/
ነፃነት
The power to act.
የመንቀሳቀስ ኃይል ወይም ነፃነት።
Examples
"Freedom of speech."
Liberty
/ሊበርቲ/
ነፃነት
State of being free.
ከእገዳ ነፃ የመሆን ሁኔታ።
Examples
"Individual liberty."
Human-rights
/ሂውማን-ራይትስ/
ሰብአዊ መብቶች
Rights of every human.
የእያንዳንዱ ሰው መብቶች።
Examples
"Protect human-rights."
Global-citizen
/ግሎባል-ሲቲዝን/
አለም አቀፍ ዜጋ
Person identifying globally.
ራሱን በአለም አቀፍ ደረጃ የሚገልጽ ሰው።
Examples
"Be a global-citizen."
Identity
/አይደንቲቲ/
ማንነት
Who a person is.
አንድ ሰው ማን እንደሆነ የሚገልጽ።
Examples
"Cultural identity is strong."
Ethnicity
/ኤዝኒሲቲ/
ጎሳ/ብሔር
Belonging to a group.
የአንድ ቡድን አባል መሆን።
Examples
"What is your ethnicity?"
Nationality
/ናሽናሊቲ/
ዜግነት
Status of belonging to a nation.
የአንድ ሀገር ዜጋ መሆን።
Examples
"I have dual nationality."
Patriotism
/ፓትሪኦቲዝም/
ሀገር ወዳድነት
Devotion to one's country.
ለሀገር ፍቅር ማሳየት።
Examples
"Patriotism is common."
Society
/ሶሳይቲ/
ህብረተሰብ
Aggregate of people.
የሰዎች ስብስብ።
Examples
"A civil society."
Civilization
/ሲቪላይዜሽን/
ስልጣኔ
Stage of human development.
የሰው ልጅ እድገት ደረጃ።
Examples
"Ancient civilization."
Modern
/ሞደርን/
ዘመናዊ
Of the present time.
የአሁኑ ጊዜ።
Examples
"Modern etiquette."
Ancient
/አንሸንት/
ጥንታዊ
Belonging to the past.
ከረጅም ጊዜ በፊት የነበረ።
Examples
"Ancient customs."
Urban
/አርባን/
ከተማ ነክ
Relating to a city.
ከከተማ ጋር የተያያዘ።
Examples
"Urban lifestyle."
Rural
/ሩራል/
ገጠር ነክ
Relating to the country.
ከገጠር ጋር የተያያዘ።
Examples
"Rural traditions."
Education
/ኤጁኬሽን/
ትምህርት
Process of receiving instruction.
ትምህርት የማግኘት ሂደት።
Examples
"Education is key to respect."
Knowledge
/ኖሌጅ/
እውቀት
Facts and information.
መረጃ እና እውነት።
Examples
"Knowledge of culture."
Learning
/ለርኒንግ/
መማር
Acquisition of knowledge.
እውቀትን የማግኘት ሂደት።
Examples
"Never stop learning."
Skill
/ስኪል/
ክህሎት
Ability to do something well.
አንድን ነገር በጥሩ ሁኔታ የማድረግ ችሎታ።
Examples
"Social skill."
Professional
/ፕሮፌሽናል/
ባለሙያ
Relating to a profession.
ከሙያ ጋር የተያያዘ።
Examples
"Professional behavior."
Workplace
/ወርክፕሌይስ/
የስራ ቦታ
Place where people work.
ሰዎች የሚሰሩበት ቦታ።
Examples
"Workplace etiquette."
Colleague
/ኮሊግ/
የስራ ባልደረባ
A person one works with.
አብሮ የሚሰራ ሰው።
Examples
"Respect your colleague."
Manager
/ማኔጀር/
ስራ አስኪያጅ
Person who controls business.
ስራን የሚቆጣጠር ሰው።
Examples
"Talk to the manager."
Employee
/ኢምፕሎዪ/
ሰራተኛ
Person working for pay.
ለደሞዝ የሚሰራ ሰው።
Examples
"A hard-working employee."
Business
/ቢዝነስ/
ንግድ
Commercial activity.
የንግድ እንቅስቃሴ።
Examples
"Business protocol."
Customer
/ካስተመር/
ደንበኛ
Person who buys goods.
እቃ የሚገዛ ሰው።
Examples
"Customer service."
Service
/ሰርቪስ/
አገልግሎት
Helping or doing work.
መርዳት ወይም ስራ መስራት።
Examples
"Good service is polite."
Meeting
/ሚቲንግ/
ስብሰባ
Assembly of people.
የሰዎች መሰባሰብ።
Examples
"A formal meeting."
Interview
/ኢንተርቪው/
ቃለ-መጠይቅ
Meeting for assessment.
ለግምገማ የሚደረግ ስብሰባ።
Examples
"Prepare for the interview."
Negotiation
/ኔጎሼሽን/
ድርድር
Discussion for agreement.
ለስምምነት የሚደረግ ውይይት።
Examples
"Negotiation skills."
Contract
/ኮንትራክት/
ውል
Written agreement.
የተጻፈ ስምምነት።
Examples
"Sign the contract."
Agreement
/አግሪመንት/
ስምምነት
Harmony of opinion.
የአመለካከት ስምምነት።
Examples
"Reach an agreement."
Conflict
/ኮንፍሊክት/
ግጭት
Struggle or clash.
ትግል ወይም ግጭት።
Examples
"Conflict at work."
Success
/ሰክሰስ/
ስኬት
Achieving aims.
ግብን ማሳካት።
Examples
"Success takes effort."
Failure
/ፌይለር/
ውድቀት
Lack of success.
ስኬት ማጣት።
Examples
"Learn from failure."
Goal
/ጎል/
ግብ
Desired result.
የሚፈለግ ውጤት።
Examples
"Set a goal."
Achievement
/አቺቭመንት/
ስኬት/ውጤት
A thing done successfully.
በስኬት የተጠናቀቀ ነገር።
Examples
"Great achievement."
Ambition
/አምቢሽን/
ምኞት/ፍላጎት
Strong desire to achieve.
ለመሳካት ያለ ጠንካራ ፍላጎት።
Examples
"High ambition."
Discipline
/ዲስፕሊን/
ዲሲፕሊን/ስነ-ስርዓት
Training to obey rules.
ደንቦችን ለማክበር የሚደረግ ስልጠና።
Examples
"Self-discipline."
Patience
/ፔሸንስ/
ትዕግስት
Ability to wait.
የመጠበቅ ችሎታ።
Examples
"Have patience."
Silence
/ሳይለንስ/
ዝምታ
Quietness.
ፀጥታ።
Examples
"Enjoy the silence."
Wisdom
/ዊዝደም/
ጥበብ
Prudence.
ብልህነት።
Examples
"Search for wisdom."
Kindness
/ካይንነስ/
ደግነት
Benevolence.
ርህራሄ።
Examples
"Act with kindness."
Truth
/ትሩዝ/
እውነት
The quality of being true.
የእውነትነት ጠባይ።
Examples
"Tell the truth."
Honesty
/ኦነስቲ/
ታማኝነት
Uprightness.
ታማኝ መሆን።
Examples
"Honesty is respected."
Modesty
/ሞደስቲ/
ትህትና
Humility.
ትሁት መሆን።
Examples
"Modesty is a virtue."
Virtue
/ቨርቹ/
መልካም ጠባይ
High moral standards.
ከፍተኛ የሞራል ደረጃ።
Examples
"Patience is a virtue."
Honor
/ኦነር/
ክብር
Dignity.
ክብር።
Examples
"Maintain your honor."
Dignity
/ዲግኒቲ/
ክብር
Being worthy of respect.
ለአክብሮት ብቁ መሆን።
Examples
"Human dignity."
Gratitude
/ግራቲቲዩድ/
ምስጋና
Thankfulness.
አመስጋኝነት።
Examples
"Feel gratitude."
Mercy
/መርሲ/
ምህረት
Compassion or forgiveness.
ምህረት ወይም ይቅርታ።
Examples
"Show mercy."
Grace
/ግሬስ/
ጸጋ
Courteous goodwill.
መልካም ፈቃድ።
Examples
"Say grace."
Charity
/ቻሪቲ/
ምጽዋት/ልግስና
Giving to those in need.
ለተቸገሩ መስጠት።
Examples
"Donate to charity."
Peace
/ፒስ/
ሰላም
Serenity.
መረጋጋት።
Examples
"World peace."
Unity
/ዩኒቲ/
አንድነት
Being joined as a whole.
በአንድነት መሆን።
Examples
"Unity in diversity."
Cooperation
/ኮኦፕሬሽን/
ትብብር
Working together.
አብሮ መስራት።
Examples
"Good cooperation."
Solidarity
/ሶሊዳሪቲ/
አብሮነት
Unity of feeling.
የስሜት አንድነት።
Examples
"Show solidarity."
Empathy
/ኤምፓቲ/
ርህራሄ
Understanding.
መረዳዳት።
Examples
"Empathy is needed."
Sympathy
/ሲምፓቲ/
አዘኔታ
Feeling of sorrow.
የሀዘን ስሜት።
Examples
"Send sympathy."
Courage
/ከሬጅ/
ድፍረት
Bravery.
ጀግንነት።
Examples
"Have courage."
Heroism
/ሄሮይዝም/
ጀግንነት
Great bravery.
ታላቅ ድፍረት።
Examples
"Acts of heroism."
Sacrifice
/ሳክሪፋይስ/
መስዋዕትነት
Giving up something.
አንድን ነገር መተው።
Examples
"Noble sacrifice."
Wisdom
/ዊዝደም/
ጥበብ
Intelligence.
ብልህነት።
Examples
"Grandfather's wisdom."
Guidance
/ጋይዳንስ/
መመሪያ
Advice or information.
ምክር ወይም መረጃ።
Examples
"Seeking guidance."
Mentorship
/ሜንተርሺፕ/
መካሪነት
Guidance by a mentor.
በመካሪ የሚሰጥ ድጋፍ።
Examples
"Good mentorship."
Influence
/ኢንፍሉዌንስ/
ተፅዕኖ
Effect on character.
በባህሪ ላይ የሚታይ ተፅዕኖ።
Examples
"Positive influence."
Inspiration
/ኢንስፒሬሽን/
ተመስጦ/መነሳሳት
Mental stimulation.
አእምሯዊ መነቃቃት።
Examples
"Source of inspiration."
Creativity
/ክሪኤቲቪቲ/
ፈጠራ
Use of imagination.
ምናብን መጠቀም።
Examples
"Unlock creativity."
Art
/አርት/
ጥበብ
Expression of skill.
የክህሎት መግለጫ።
Examples
"Cultural art."
Music
/ሙዚክ/
ሙዚቃ
Sound in harmony.
የድምፅ ስምምነት።
Examples
"Traditional music."
Dance
/ዳንስ/
ውዝዋዜ
Rhythmic movement.
ተከታታይ የሰውነት እንቅስቃሴ።
Examples
"Traditional dance."
Cuisine
/ኩዚን/
የምግብ አሰራር
Style of cooking.
የምግብ ዝግጅት ዘይቤ።
Examples
"Spicy cuisine."
Festival
/ፌስቲቫል/
በዓል
Day of celebration.
የክብረ በዓል ቀን።
Examples
"Cultural festival."
Holiday
/ሆሊዴይ/
የእረፍት ቀን
Day of festivity.
የበዓል ቀን።
Examples
"National holiday."
Celebration
/ሴሌብሬሽን/
ክብረ በዓል
Action of celebrating.
የማክበር ተግባር።
Examples
"Join the celebration."
Ritual
/ሪችዋል/
ስርአተ-አምልኮ
Religious ceremony.
ሃይማኖታዊ ስነስርዓት።
Examples
"Ancient ritual."
Ceremony
/ሴሬሞኒ/
ስነስርዓት
Formal occasion.
መደበኛ ዝግጅት።
Examples
"Wedding ceremony."
Neighbor
/ኒበር/
ጎረቤት
Person living nearby.
አጠገብ የሚኖር ሰው።
Examples
"Be a good neighbor."
Friendship
/ፍሬንድሺፕ/
ጓደኝነት
Relationship of friends.
የጓደኛሞች ግንኙነት።
Examples
"Value your friendship."
Family
/ፋሚሊ/
ቤተሰብ
Group of relatives.
የዘመዶች ስብስብ።
Examples
"Family is first."
Love
/ላቭ/
ፍቅር
Strong affection.
ጥልቅ ፍቅር።
Examples
"Love your culture."
Peace
/ፒስ/
ሰላም
Calmness.
ፀጥታ።
Examples
"Inner peace."
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